Run results for: template literal vs array.join vs unallocated array.join vs string.concat vs the + operator

Run details:

User agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_15_7) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/26.0 Safari/605.1.15

Browser: Safari 26

Operating system: Mac OS X 10.15.7

Device Platform: Desktop

Date tested: one year ago

template literal

337.8M/s

the + operator

320.8M/s

string concat

33.0M/s

array join

20.2M/s

unallocated array join

18.0M/s

View exact numbers

Script Preparation code:

var a = 'a';
var b = 'b';
var c = 'c';
var abc = [a,b,c];

Tests:

template literal
for (let n = 0; n < 1000; n++) { return `${a} ${b} ${c}`; }
array join
for (let n = 0; n < 1000; n++) { return abc.join(' '); }
string concat
for (let n = 0; n < 1000; n++) { return ''.concat(a, ' ', b, ' ', c); }
the + operator
for (let n = 0; n < 1000; n++) { return a + ' ' + b + ' ' + c; }
unallocated array join
for (let n = 0; n < 1000; n++) { return [a,b,c].join(' '); }