const testString = "This – is – a –test –string – with – multiple – instances– of–the – pattern – and – some – variations – like–this –and this– "; const regex1 = /(?<= )–(?= )|(?<! )– (?! )| –(?<! ) ?/g; const regex2 = / (?=–)–? ?|– /g; const regex3 = /(?<= )–(?! )|–(?= )|(?<! )– (?! )/g; const regex4step1 = / +– +/g; // Remove cases with spaces on both sides const regex4step2 = / +–|– +/g; // Remove extra spaces const regex5 = / – | –|– /g; const regex6 = / – ?|– /g;