Benchmark: Nullish coalescing (??) vs logical OR (||) vs JS Compiled ?? (?:)

Tests:

Nullish coalescing (??)
let x = null ?? undefined ?? null ?? undefined ?? null ?? undefined ?? null ?? undefined ?? null ?? undefined ?? 1;
Logical OR (||)
let x = null || undefined || null || undefined || null || undefined || null || undefined || null || undefined || 1;
Nullish coalescing (??) [short-circuit]
let x = 1 ?? undefined ?? null ?? undefined ?? null ?? undefined ?? null ?? undefined ?? null ?? undefined ?? 1;
Logical OR (||) [short-circuit]
let x = 1 || undefined || null || undefined || null || undefined || null || undefined || null || undefined || 1;
JS Compiled ?? (?:)
var _a, _b, _c, _d, _e, _f, _g, _h, _j; let x = (_j = (_h = (_g = (_f = (_e = (_d = (_c = (_b = (_a = null !== null && null !== void 0 ? null : undefined) !== null && _a !== void 0 ? _a : null) !== null && _b !== void 0 ? _b : undefined) !== null && _c !== void 0 ? _c : null) !== null && _d !== void 0 ? _d : undefined) !== null && _e !== void 0 ? _e : null) !== null && _f !== void 0 ? _f : undefined) !== null && _g !== void 0 ? _g : null) !== null && _h !== void 0 ? _h : undefined) !== null && _j !== void 0 ? _j : 1;
JS Compiled ?? (?:) [short-circuit]
var _a, _b, _c, _d, _e, _f, _g, _h, _j; let x = (_j = (_h = (_g = (_f = (_e = (_d = (_c = (_b = (_a = 1 !== null && 1 !== void 0 ? 1 : undefined) !== null && _a !== void 0 ? _a : null) !== null && _b !== void 0 ? _b : undefined) !== null && _c !== void 0 ? _c : null) !== null && _d !== void 0 ? _d : undefined) !== null && _e !== void 0 ? _e : null) !== null && _f !== void 0 ? _f : undefined) !== null && _g !== void 0 ? _g : null) !== null && _h !== void 0 ? _h : undefined) !== null && _j !== void 0 ? _j : 1;

Rendered benchmark preparation results:

Suite status: <idle, ready to run>

Previous results

Test case name	Result
Nullish coalescing (??)
Logical OR (\|\|)
Nullish coalescing (??) [short-circuit]
Logical OR (\|\|) [short-circuit]
JS Compiled ?? (?:)
JS Compiled ?? (?:) [short-circuit]

Fastest: N/A

Slowest: N/A

Latest run results:

Run details: (Test run date: one year ago)

User agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 10; K) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/132.0.0.0 Mobile Safari/537.36 EdgA/132.0.0.0

Browser/OS: Chrome Mobile 132 on Android

View result in a separate tab

Nullish coalescing (??) [short-circuit]

107.8M/s

JS Compiled ?? (?:) [short-circuit]

107.6M/s

Logical OR (||) [short-circuit]

106.4M/s

Nullish coalescing (??)

84.2M/s

Logical OR (||)

83.7M/s

JS Compiled ?? (?:)

76.1M/s

View exact numbers

Test name	Executions per second
✓ Nullish coalescing (??) [short-circuit]	107,816,688 Ops/sec
JS Compiled ?? (?:) [short-circuit]	107,635,392 Ops/sec
Logical OR (\|\|) [short-circuit]	106,414,608 Ops/sec
Nullish coalescing (??)	84,215,360 Ops/sec
Logical OR (\|\|)	83,704,592 Ops/sec
JS Compiled ?? (?:)	76,080,736 Ops/sec

Autogenerated LLM Summary (model gpt-4o-mini, generated one year ago):

LLMs can make mistakes. Check important info.

The benchmark you're analyzing compares three different JavaScript constructs related to handling nullish values, specifically using:

1. **Nullish Coalescing Operator (??)**
2. **Logical OR Operator (||)**
3. **JS Compiled Alternative using the Conditional (?:) Operator**

### Options Compared:

1. **Nullish Coalescing (??)**
   - **Test cases:** 
     - `let x = null ?? undefined ?? ...`
     - `let x = 1 ?? undefined ?? ... [short-circuit]`
   - **Functionality:** This operator returns the right-hand operand when the left-hand operand is `null` or `undefined`. If both are non-nullish values, it returns the left operand.
   - **Pros:** Offers more precise control over default values. Useful for distinguishing between "falsy" values like `0` or an empty string and values that are `null` or `undefined`.
   - **Cons:** Browser support in older versions needs consideration, though it's widely supported in modern environments.

2. **Logical OR (||)**
   - **Test cases:** 
     - `let x = null || undefined || ...`
     - `let x = 1 || undefined || ... [short-circuit]`
   - **Functionality:** The logical OR operator returns the left operand if it can be converted to `true`; otherwise, it returns the right operand.
   - **Pros:** It’s a straightforward and widely understood operator in JavaScript.
   - **Cons:** It treats all falsy values (like `0`, `false`, `""`) the same as `null` or `undefined`, which may lead to unintended behavior if you only want to check for nullish values.

3. **JS Compiled Conditional (?:) Operator**
   - **Test cases:** 
     - Complicated expressions using several variables that mirror the logic of nullish or logical operators.
     - `let x = (_j = (_h = ...) !== null && _a !== void 0 ? _a : ...`
     - `let x = (_j = (_h = ...) !== null && _b !== void 0 ? _b : ... [short-circuit]`
   - **Functionality:** This structure emulates the nullish coalescing functionality using a JavaScript conditional operator. It checks multiple conditions in a chained manner.
   - **Pros:** Flexibility due to its ability to handle complex checks. 
   - **Cons:** Involves more syntactic overhead and is less readable, making it harder to maintain.

### Other Considerations:

- **Performance:** The benchmark results indicate that the nullish coalescing operator performs slightly faster than the logical OR and the compiled alternative in scenarios that involve short-circuit evaluations. This can be significant in performance-sensitive applications.
- **Browser Support:** Nullish coalescing has good browser support in modern environments but should still be verified for compatibility in legacy systems.
- **Readability and Maintainability:** The nullish coalescing operator tends to express intent more clearly than the logical OR, which can help in writing more understandable code.
  
### Alternatives:

Other alternatives for handling default values include:

- **Using default function parameters** when defining functions, allowing you to specify fallback values directly.
- **Using utility libraries** like `lodash` or `underscore.js`, which provide methods such as `_.get` or `_.defaultTo`, which may encapsulate this type of logic.
- **TypeScript features** can add type safety when dealing with potential null or undefined values, using types or interfaces to define expected structures more clearly.

In summary, this benchmark provides insights into the performance and semantics of different approaches to handling null-like values in JavaScript, emphasizing important distinctions in how developers can manage defaults accurately and efficiently.

Nullish coalescing (??) vs logical OR (||) vs JS Compiled ?? (?:) (version: 1)

Comparing performance of: `Nullish coalescing (??) vs Logical OR (||) vs Nullish coalescing (??) [short-circuit] vs Logical OR (||) [short-circuit] vs JS Compiled ?? (?:) vs JS Compiled ?? (?:) [short-circuit]`

Created: one year ago by: Guest

Go to the latest result

Nullish coalescing (??)

Logical OR (||)

Nullish coalescing (??) [short-circuit]

Logical OR (||) [short-circuit]

JS Compiled ?? (?:)

JS Compiled ?? (?:) [short-circuit]

Suite status: <idle, ready to run>

Fastest: N/A

Slowest: N/A

Autogenerated LLM Summary (model gpt-4o-mini, generated one year ago):

Nullish coalescing (??) vs logical OR (||) vs JS Compiled ?? (?:) (version: 1)

Comparing performance of: Nullish coalescing (??) vs Logical OR (||) vs Nullish coalescing (??) [short-circuit] vs Logical OR (||) [short-circuit] vs JS Compiled ?? (?:) vs JS Compiled ?? (?:) [short-circuit]

Created: one year ago by: Guest

Go to the latest result

Nullish coalescing (??)

Logical OR (||)

Nullish coalescing (??) [short-circuit]

Logical OR (||) [short-circuit]

JS Compiled ?? (?:)

JS Compiled ?? (?:) [short-circuit]

Suite status: <idle, ready to run>

Fastest: N/A

Slowest: N/A

Autogenerated LLM Summary (model gpt-4o-mini, generated one year ago):

Related benchmarks

Comparing performance of: `Nullish coalescing (??) vs Logical OR (||) vs Nullish coalescing (??) [short-circuit] vs Logical OR (||) [short-circuit] vs JS Compiled ?? (?:) vs JS Compiled ?? (?:) [short-circuit]`