Benchmark: Convert bytes to binary string

Convert bytes to binary string (version: 1)

To use browser's atob() or btoa(), we need to convert between bytes and so-called "binary" string. This test convert bytes to "binary" string, for future calls of btoa(), i.e. encoding bytes (in the form of binary string) to base64.

Comparing performance of: Array.from + join + fromCodePoint vs Array.from + join + fromCharCode vs Array.reduce + fromCodePoint vs Array.reduce + fromCharCode vs String concatenation + fromCodePoint vs String concatenation + fromCharCode vs Function.apply + Array.reduce+ fromCodePoint (chunked) vs Function.apply + Array.reduce + fromCharCode (chunked) vs Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCodePoint (chunked) vs Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCharCode (chunked) vs Function.apply + Array.reduce+ fromCodePoint (small chunks) vs Function.apply + Array.reduce + fromCharCode (small chunks) vs Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCodePoint (small chunks) vs Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCharCode (small chunks) vs utf-16 TextDecoder

Created: one year ago by: Registered User

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Script Preparation code:

function get1024Bytes(n) {
  const bytes = new Uint8Array(n * 1024);
  for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 1) {
    bytes[i] = Math.random() * 0xff;
  }
  return bytes;
}

const bytes = get1024Bytes(128);

const utf16decoder = new TextDecoder('utf-16');

// An example result:
// const binString = Array.from(bytes, (byte) => String.fromCodePoint(byte)).join("");

Tests:

Array.from + join + fromCodePoint
return Array.from(bytes, (byte) => String.fromCodePoint(byte), ).join("");
Array.from + join + fromCharCode
return Array.from(bytes, (byte) => String.fromCharCode(byte), ).join("");
Array.reduce + fromCodePoint
return bytes.reduce((s, byte) => s + String.fromCodePoint(byte), "");
Array.reduce + fromCharCode
return bytes.reduce((s, byte) => s + String.fromCharCode(byte), "");
String concatenation + fromCodePoint
let s = ''; for (const byte of bytes) { s += String.fromCodePoint(byte); } return s;
String concatenation + fromCharCode
let s = ''; for (const byte of bytes) { s += String.fromCharCode(byte); } return s;
Function.apply + Array.reduce+ fromCodePoint (chunked)
const QUANTUM = 32768; const chunks = []; for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += QUANTUM) { chunks.push(bytes.slice(i, i + QUANTUM)); } return chunks.reduce((s, i) => s + String.fromCodePoint.apply(null, i), '');
Function.apply + Array.reduce + fromCharCode (chunked)
const QUANTUM = 32768; const chunks = []; for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += QUANTUM) { chunks.push(bytes.slice(i, i + QUANTUM)); } return chunks.reduce((s, i) => s + String.fromCharCode.apply(null, i), '');
Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCodePoint (chunked)
const QUANTUM = 32768; let s = ''; for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += QUANTUM) { s += String.fromCodePoint.apply(null, bytes.slice(i, i + QUANTUM)); } return s;
Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCharCode (chunked)
const QUANTUM = 32768; let s = ''; for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += QUANTUM) { s += String.fromCharCode.apply(null, bytes.slice(i, i + QUANTUM)); } return s;
Function.apply + Array.reduce+ fromCodePoint (small chunks)
const QUANTUM = 128; const chunks = []; for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += QUANTUM) { chunks.push(bytes.slice(i, i + QUANTUM)); } return chunks.reduce((s, i) => s + String.fromCodePoint.apply(null, i), '');
Function.apply + Array.reduce + fromCharCode (small chunks)
const QUANTUM = 128; const chunks = []; for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += QUANTUM) { chunks.push(bytes.slice(i, i + QUANTUM)); } return chunks.reduce((s, i) => s + String.fromCharCode.apply(null, i), '');
Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCodePoint (small chunks)
const QUANTUM = 128; let s = ''; for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += QUANTUM) { s += String.fromCodePoint.apply(null, bytes.slice(i, i + QUANTUM)); } return s;
Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCharCode (small chunks)
const QUANTUM = 128; let s = ''; for (let i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += QUANTUM) { s += String.fromCharCode.apply(null, bytes.slice(i, i + QUANTUM)); } return s;
utf-16 TextDecoder
return utf16decoder.decode(new Uint16Array(bytes));

Rendered benchmark preparation results:

Suite status: <idle, ready to run>

Previous results

Test case name	Result
Array.from + join + fromCodePoint
Array.from + join + fromCharCode
Array.reduce + fromCodePoint
Array.reduce + fromCharCode
String concatenation + fromCodePoint
String concatenation + fromCharCode
Function.apply + Array.reduce+ fromCodePoint (chunked)
Function.apply + Array.reduce + fromCharCode (chunked)
Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCodePoint (chunked)
Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCharCode (chunked)
Function.apply + Array.reduce+ fromCodePoint (small chunks)
Function.apply + Array.reduce + fromCharCode (small chunks)
Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCodePoint (small chunks)
Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCharCode (small chunks)
utf-16 TextDecoder

Fastest: N/A

Slowest: N/A

Latest run results:

Run details: (Test run date: one year ago)

User agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/134.0.0.0 Safari/537.36 Edg/134.0.0.0

Browser/OS: Chrome 134 on Windows

View result in a separate tab

Test name	Executions per second
Array.from + join + fromCodePoint	272.6 Ops/sec
Array.from + join + fromCharCode	274.9 Ops/sec
Array.reduce + fromCodePoint	1155.3 Ops/sec
Array.reduce + fromCharCode	1122.5 Ops/sec
String concatenation + fromCodePoint	1423.8 Ops/sec
String concatenation + fromCharCode	1434.4 Ops/sec
Function.apply + Array.reduce+ fromCodePoint (chunked)	532.2 Ops/sec
Function.apply + Array.reduce + fromCharCode (chunked)	1485.3 Ops/sec
Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCodePoint (chunked)	828.0 Ops/sec
Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCharCode (chunked)	1661.4 Ops/sec
Function.apply + Array.reduce+ fromCodePoint (small chunks)	786.5 Ops/sec
Function.apply + Array.reduce + fromCharCode (small chunks)	1554.6 Ops/sec
Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCodePoint (small chunks)	774.1 Ops/sec
Function.apply + String concatenation + fromCharCode (small chunks)	1601.5 Ops/sec
utf-16 TextDecoder	4179.2 Ops/sec

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